Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time, conservative methods of dealing with the disease appeared.
Reason
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. This formation is benign. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
From the outside, the growth looks like a red or pink comb. Rarely does a single copy appear. Often there are multiple formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly in the larynx, on the roof of the mouth and vocal cords, in the arches of the tonsils, in the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths in the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This occurs under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as dengue fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the residential area;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "adolescent papillomatosis". They suffer from small children. With it, some papillomas in the throat close the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal process of breathing.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop malignant tumors, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formation will not reappear.
Papilloma in the throat: symptoms
In the early stages, the problem may not present itself.
But when the wart grows, the symptoms are observed:
- hard to breathe;
- the appearance of hoarseness, coughing for no reason, a feeling of heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by the discharge of phlegm or even blood;
- lump in throat.
In children, papillomas in the throat can be manifested by the following symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema of the respiratory tract;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulty in carrying out the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- violations in child development.
How did you get infected?
Papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- sexual way. Especially, the risk of developing papillomas is very large for those who lead a free sex life.
- household way. When using a single towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or microcracks.
- self infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from the infected mother to the child).
Who is at risk?
Often, HPV in the throat occurs in children who have infections associated with the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common throat papillomatosis is among people in the age category of 20 to 45 years.
On the risk factors, someone who has bad habits, is constantly under stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can provoke the development of papillomas of the throat:
- taking hormonal pills;
- living in an area with a high level of air pollution;
- cigarette smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- presence of hereditary factors;
- emphasize.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas located in the throat.
The following is a breakdown of the types of disease according to age:
- Congenital (ie the infection occurs in the uterus).
- children.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or by domestic means).
- Mature.
- repeated.
Another division is based on the growth rate of the papilloma:
- limited options, when the spread of the formation occurs in certain areas of the throat;
- generalized form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- obturator type. In this case, the growth interferes with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
According to the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First compensation degree. It is characterized by slight difficulty in inhaling and exhaling, the appearance of a hoarse voice.
- Second compensation degree. Shortness of breath appears, the body stops having enough oxygen, feelings of constant anxiety arise, cold sweats appear, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is complete cessation of breathing. The patient lost consciousness due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, papillomas in the throat can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Papilloma localization
Neoplasms can be found directly in the throat, in one of its parts, or in the larynx. Which of them is dangerous?
Growths that appear in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or side walls. Rarely, formations on the vocal cords can be found. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what it is specifically. You need to contact a specialist.
If it is a cork, then it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsils, then the doctor will prescribe an effective therapy. This can take the form of conservative treatment or surgery.
Laryngeal papilloma is dangerous. These growths can interfere with the patient's speech, interfere with the respiratory process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papillomas can lead to suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Papilloma in throat diagnosis
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a number of diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - the study of the problem area using a special tool laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissue. Often done after the growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to take into account all the nuances of educational appearance.
- Electroglottography - allows to determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common the problem in the throat is.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected area, for this purpose they are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- silver nitrate salt.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be carried out by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are prohibited due to their high toxicity for the treatment of children.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently been increasingly used to remove papillomas.
Remove the tumor in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantages of this method are the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing, and the exclusion of recurrence.
Doctors prescribe to take antiviral drugs, recommend taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only true and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is chosen:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove the neoplasm yourself. There is a high probability of injury to the papilloma. This will trigger the rapid degeneration of benign tumors into cancerous formations. Only a surgeon will perform the operation successfully.
Surgery to remove growths in children is contraindicated. This leads to a complete cessation of breathing. This method is not used in early childhood.
Treatment with traditional medicine
There are a number of folk remedies that can be used to get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoonful of fresh honey every day.
An infusion of bay leaves will help with this problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting drug is drunk. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take a spoonful of funds per day. The pulp is placed on the tongue, and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated localized papillomas in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, blackcurrant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The drug is taken one hour after meals for 3 months.
You can not solve the problem with traditional recipes. The sooner the patient sees a doctor, the sooner he will receive highly qualified help, this will help to avoid consequences.